Read questions aloud. Provide two groups of objects for student to compare.

Materials: 15-20 counters

How to use: Make two groups (e.g., 4 vs 6), ask "Which has more?" or "Which has less?" Student can count both groups OR match one-to-one to see which has extras. Key words: more = bigger amount, less/fewer = smaller amount, same/equal = matching amounts.

When we have two groups of objects, we often want to know: Which group has more? Which has less? Are they the same? Comparing helps us understand relationships between numbers and quantities.

More

• More means a bigger amount
• "This group has more than that group"
• Example: 5 apples is more than 3 apples

Less / Fewer

• Less or fewer means a smaller amount
• "This group has less than that group"
• Example: 2 blocks is less than 6 blocks
• ("Less" and "fewer" mean the same thing for counting!)

Same / Equal

• Same or equal means the amounts are identical
• "This group has the same amount as that group"
• Example: 4 crayons and 4 crayons are the same

Method 1: Count and Compare Numbers

1. Count the objects in the first group
2. Count the objects in the second group
3. Compare the numbers
4. The bigger number means "more", the smaller number means "less"

Example:
- Group A: ● ● ● ● (count: 4)
- Group B: ● ● ● ● ● ● (count: 6)
- 6 is more than 4
- Group B has more!

Method 2: Match One-to-One

1. Line up objects from each group next to each other
2. Match them in pairs
3. See which group has objects left over
4. The group with extras has more!

Example:

Group A: ● ● ● ●
Group B: ● ● ● ● ● ●
         ↕ ↕ ↕ ↕

Group B has 2 extras → Group B has more!

Method 3: Visual Comparison (for very different amounts)

• Sometimes you can just look and tell
• 2 objects vs 10 objects → clearly different!
• But for closer amounts (like 5 vs 6), counting or matching is better

More and Less are Opposites

• If Group A has more than Group B...
• Then Group B has less than Group A
• They're two ways of saying the same comparison!

Example:
- Group A: 7 blocks
- Group B: 4 blocks
- "Group A has more than Group B" ✓
- "Group B has less than Group A" ✓
- Both are correct!

Equal Means Balanced

• When groups are equal, neither has more or less
• They're perfectly balanced
• Same number in each group

At Snack Time

• "Do you have more crackers or more apple slices?"
• "Does your friend have the same number of grapes as you?"
• "Who has fewer pieces of cheese, you or your brother?"

At Play Time

• "Which pile has more blocks?"
• "Do we have the same number of red and blue cars?"
• "Are there fewer puzzles or books on the shelf?"

In the Classroom

• "Are there more boys or more girls today?"
• "Does the red table or blue table have more children?"
• "Do we have the same number of scissors and glue sticks?"

Comparing Game

Materials: Counters, blocks, or small toys
1. Make two piles
2. Ask: "Which pile has more?"
3. Count to check!
4. Take turns making piles

Match It Up

Materials: Two types of objects (like bears and cars)
1. Put out 5 bears and 3 cars
2. Match each bear to a car
3. Which group has leftovers?
4. That group has more!

Snack Comparison

Materials: Snacks (crackers, grapes, etc.)
1. Give child one amount
2. Give yourself a different amount
3. Compare: "Who has more?"
4. Great motivation to practice!

Picture Book Comparisons

Materials: Picture books
1. Find a page with different objects
2. "Are there more trees or more flowers?"
3. Count to find out!

Ways to Say "More"

• Greater
• Bigger amount
• Extra
• Additional
• "Has more than"

Ways to Say "Less/Fewer"

• Smaller amount
• Not as many
• "Has less than"
• "Has fewer than"

Ways to Say "Same/Equal"

• Equal
• The same amount
• The same number
• "Has as many as"
• Matching amounts

Challenge 1: Confusing More and Less

• Solution: Use hand gestures
• More: hands apart (bigger)
• Less: hands close together (smaller)

Challenge 2: Focusing on Size Instead of Quantity

• Problem: "This apple is bigger, so I have more!"
• Reality: One big apple is still just ONE apple
• Solution: Count objects, don't look at physical size

Challenge 3: Not Understanding "Equal"

• Solution: Show with matching
• 3 on this side, 3 on that side
• They match perfectly!
• That's equal!

Challenge 4: Comparing Large Groups

• Solution: Start with small numbers (1-5)
• Build up to larger numbers gradually
• Use matching method for clarity

Fairness

• "Do we each have the same number of cookies?" (fair sharing)
• "Who got more stickers?" (understanding equal treatment)
• Comparing helps with understanding fairness!

Making Choices

• "Which plate has more grapes?"
• "Which basket has fewer toys to clean up?"
• Comparing helps us make decisions!

Understanding Quantities

• "We need 6 cups but only have 4. Do we have enough?" (4 is less than 6, so no!)
• Comparing helps us solve problems!

Use Consistent Language

• Choose whether to say "less" or "fewer" and stick with it
• Use "same" or "equal" consistently
• This helps children learn the words

Start with Obvious Differences

• Compare 2 vs 8 (very different!)
• Later compare 5 vs 6 (close!)
• Build gradually

Make It Visual

• Line objects up
• Use pictures
• Draw comparisons
• Show, don't just tell

Practice Daily

• Compare everything!
• Snacks, toys, books, steps, claps
• Make it part of everyday conversation

Inequality Signs (for later)

• More than will become: >
• Less than will become: <
• Equal will become: =
• We're building the foundation now!

Number Sense

• Understanding that 7 is more than 4
• Knowing without counting that 2 is much less than 10
• This is number sense!

Addition and Subtraction

• "How many more does Group A have?" → subtraction to find the difference
• "How many more do I need to make them equal?" → addition
• Comparing leads to operations!

Can the child:
- Tell which of two groups has more?
- Tell which of two groups has less?
- Identify when two groups have the same amount?
- Use comparison words correctly?
- Count to compare?
- Use matching to compare?

Once a child can compare collections:
- They're ready to learn about differences ("How many more?")
- They can begin adding to make equal ("Give Group A 2 more to match Group B")
- They can understand subtraction as comparison ("7 is 3 more than 4, or 4 is 3 less than 7")
- They've developed important number relationships!

Comparing collections is a key skill for all future math!